Friday 15 Podcast

Why Do 95% of AI Projects Fail?

Brian Beck and Andy Hoar examine MIT research on why AI projects fail and what separates successful implementations from expensive experiments.

Friday 15 Podcast

Key takeaways

  • Lowe's announced an $8.8 billion acquisition of Foundation Building Materials to boost its contractor business, bringing its B2B business closer to Home Depot's 45% B2B revenue share.
  • MIT Media Lab research found that 95% of generative AI pilots at companies are failing to deliver measurable financial results, with only a tiny fraction scaling to production.
  • The MIT study identified that the real barriers to AI success are not technical but strategic, organizational, and cultural, with projects failing because they are undefined, unfocused, or unmeasured.
  • External partnerships reach AI deployment about twice as often as internally built efforts, with 67% success rate versus internal teams who lack best practices knowledge.
  • A Master B2B LinkedIn poll found 60% cite IT as the most resistant group to AI adoption, compared to 20% for sales, 20% for customer service, and 0% for marketing.

Lowe’s deepens B2B push

Lowe’s announced an $8.8 billion acquisition of Foundation Building Materials to bolster its presence in the $250 billion professional builder market. This follows Home Depot’s similar pivot toward B2B, bringing its business to approximately 45% B2B revenue. The hosts noted that B2B offers higher margins, better customer lifetime value, and more stable revenue than consumer retail.

The hosts observed that companies starting in B2C and moving to B2B never go back, while B2B companies that try B2C often return. B2B customers are more loyal and negotiate less aggressively, though the sales cycle is longer and requires more relationship development.

The 95% failure rate

MIT Media Lab research found that 95% of generative AI pilots at companies are failing to deliver measurable financial results. Only a tiny fraction of initiatives scale to production. The study identified that the real barriers are not technical but strategic, organizational, and cultural.

The genius is not in the invention. It is in the operationalizing of the invention. Thomas Edison did not invent the light bulb. His real genius was lighting New York City.

Andy Hoar, Master B2B

Projects fail because they are undefined

Many AI projects enter what MIT calls pilot purgatory, stalling because they are not designed to scale or plugged into actual systems. The hosts gave an example of using AI to optimize pricing by benchmarking existing prices after the fact. The problem is that AI should be used at the beginning of the pricing process, not the end. Without redefining the fundamental process, experiments cannot demonstrate value.

Projects fail because they are unfocused

AI projects that are too broad uncover exponential complexity. Implementing step one may reveal three other things that need changing, each of which reveals three more. A company that tries to use AI to transform how the entire finance organization works will never succeed because it will uncover dozens of interdependent areas requiring fixes.

The hosts recommended targeting specific tactical problems. Fix a backend process. Automate invoice generation. Use AI to solve a defined problem, then expand. The hosts noted they are deploying AI in their own business by focusing on one specific area rather than trying to transform everything at once.

If you bite off more than you can chew, you will choke. It is a highly iterative process. You discover things as you go along.

Andy Hoar, Master B2B

Projects fail because they are unmeasured

Without metrics defined upfront, AI projects cannot demonstrate value. People often apply old metrics to new capabilities. The hosts gave the example of customer service handle time. When paying humans by the hour, minimizing handle time makes sense. But AI agents can engage customers indefinitely, potentially generating incremental revenue through extended conversations that would never have happened before.

MIT found that external partnerships reach deployment about twice as often as internally built efforts, with 67% success versus internal teams. External partners provide best practices guidance that internal teams lack. The most successful projects targeted back office operations like finance and supply chain rather than flashy front office personalization.

IT resists most

A Master B2B poll found 60% cite IT as the most resistant group to AI adoption, compared to 20% for sales, 20% for customer service, and 0% for marketing. The hosts suggested IT resistance may stem from being responsible for backend integration where problems surface. They may also have legitimate security concerns about AI accessing proprietary information.

However, the hosts cautioned against excessive risk aversion, comparing it to people in 1910 who would have banned cars for being dangerous. Speed limits and safety belts address risks while preserving benefits. AI requires similar balanced governance rather than blanket rejection.

Frequently asked questions

Why is Lowe's acquiring B2B businesses?

Lowe's announced an $8.8 billion acquisition of Foundation Building Materials to bolster its presence in the $250 billion professional builder market amid weak demand in the DIY category. Home Depot has similarly pivoted toward B2B. The hosts noted that B2B represents higher margins, better customer lifetime value, and more loyal customers who negotiate less aggressively than consumer retail. Companies that start in B2C and move to B2B rarely return to B2C.

Why do 95% of AI projects fail?

MIT Media Lab research found that 95% of generative AI pilots fail to deliver measurable financial results. The study identified that real barriers are not technical but strategic, organizational, and cultural. Projects enter pilot purgatory because they are not designed to scale or plugged into actual systems where they can provide value. The hosts compared this to Thomas Edison, whose genius was operationalizing the light bulb by lighting New York City, not inventing the bulb itself.

What makes AI projects undefined?

Undefined projects are done on the side without clear purpose. The hosts gave an example of using AI to benchmark pricing after the fact rather than using AI at the beginning of the pricing process. If you test AI in a peripheral role and declare it did not help, the problem is that you did not change the fundamental process. AI should be integrated into core workflows, not used as an afterthought.

Why do unfocused AI projects fail?

AI projects that are too broad uncover exponential complexity. Implementing step one may reveal three other things that need changing, each of which reveals three more. A company that tries to use AI to change how the entire finance organization works will never succeed. The hosts recommended targeting specific tactical problems like backend process fixes or invoice automation, then expanding from there.

Why do unmeasured AI projects fail?

Without metrics defined upfront, AI projects cannot demonstrate value. People often apply old metrics to new capabilities. Speed, for example, may be critical to AI value but was never measured before. The hosts gave the example of customer service handle time, which makes sense when paying humans by the hour but becomes irrelevant when AI agents can engage customers indefinitely, potentially generating incremental revenue through extended conversations.

Why is IT most resistant to AI adoption?

A Master B2B poll found 60% cite IT as the most resistant group to AI adoption. The hosts suggested this may be because IT teams must handle backend integration where complexity resides. They may also have legitimate information security concerns about AI recording conversations and accessing proprietary data. However, the hosts cautioned against excessive risk aversion, comparing IT resistance to people in 1910 who would have banned cars for being too dangerous.

Sources & methodology

  1. Friday 15 Podcast, Master B2B
  2. Lowe's Foundation Building Materials acquisition announcement
  3. MIT Media Lab, Gen AI divide research
  4. Fortune, AI project failure rates
  5. Master B2B LinkedIn poll, August 2025
Andy Hoar Andy Hoar
Co-Founder, Master B2B

Andy is a Co-Founder of Master B2B, founder of Paradigm B2B and author of the book Bot2Bot: The New Future of B2B Commerce. Andy is one of the leading global authorities on B2B commerce strategy.

Brian Beck Brian Beck
Co-Founder, Master B2B

Brian is a co-founder of Master B2B, Managing Partner of Amazon agency Enceiba, and author of the book "Billion Dollar B2B Ecommerce." Brian has also been C-level digital commerce executive with two decades of experience.

New: B2B Exchange at Shoptalk Presented by Master B2B

X