Friday 15 Podcast

The Final Answer to Amazon 1P vs 3P

Brian Beck and Andy Hoar report from a live debate at B2B Online in Atlanta where practitioner teams argued whether 1P or 3P selling on Amazon is better for B2B companies, with surprising results across three rounds.

Friday 15 Podcast

Key takeaways

  • Amazon Business will reach an estimated 83 billion dollars in 2025 according to Bank of America, nearly five times the size of Grainger and approaching AWS revenue, with Amazon CEO Andy Jassy saying they have only scratched the surface.
  • In a live debate at B2B Online, the 1P team (Andy Hoar, Shelene Shaw from UPS, Rudy Tiguru from AMG Medical) and 3P team (Brian Beck, Adrian Hartman from JJ Keller, Samantha Schwarz from Midland Industries) argued across three rounds.
  • Round one on channel and brand control ended in a tie at 95-95 on the audience meter. Round two on operational preferences went to 1P at 89-88. Round three on financial returns went 100-0 to 3P, the most decisive margin ever recorded in these debates.
  • In a LinkedIn poll, 66% of respondents said 3P seller central is the better approach for B2B companies selling on Amazon, versus 34% for 1P vendor central.
  • Amazon recently signaled openness to allowing AI crawlers to index its site, reversing an earlier position that could have made it a walled garden in the answer engine era.

AI trust gaps and misleading output

The hosts opened with data from a Deloitte report cited by eMarketer: 33% of US Gen AI users have experienced inaccurate or misleading output. Brian noted that when you interact with a chatbot like an expert, you tend to believe it more than a traditional search result. Andy compared it to talking to your grandfather: we assume good intent even when accuracy is uncertain.

The conversation turned to what happens when answer engines start accepting advertising. At that point, users will not know if the recommendation is based on aggregation or sponsorship, and the trust gap will widen.

Amazon Business context

Brian provided context on Amazon Business: Bank of America estimates 83 billion dollars for 2025, nearly five times Grainger and approaching AWS scale. Millennials and Gen Z now represent 75% of the workforce, and this Amazon-native cohort increasingly uses the platform for business purchasing.

Sixty percent of millennials say Amazon is their most preferred shopping channel. Two thirds make half or more of their online purchases from Amazon.

Brian Beck, Master B2B

Andy noted that Amazon recently signaled openness to allowing AI crawlers to index its site, reversing an earlier position that had some worried about a walled garden approach.

The debate setup

The main topic was a live debate at B2B Online in Atlanta. Brian led team 3P with Adrienne Hartman from JJ Keller and Samantha Schwarz from Midland Industries. Andy led team 1P with Shalin Shah from UPS and Rudy Abitbol from AMG Medical. Three rounds covered channel control, operational preferences, and financial returns.

Round one: channel and brand control

The 1P team argued that selling to Amazon gives you the buy box and keeps unauthorized sellers at bay. The 3P team countered that you control your own pricing and get more data. The audience vote was a tie at 95-95.

Round two: operational preferences

The 1P team argued that shipping pallets and trucks to Amazon is more consistent with how manufacturers operate. You do not handle returns. The 3P team noted that Fulfilled by Amazon handles the last mile, but acknowledged there is more to do on the seller side. The 1P team won 89-88.

Round three: financial returns

Brian opened by noting that 1P yields wholesale revenue while 3P yields retail revenue. On a per-unit basis, 3P is almost always better unless your product is very low priced or bulky. When Brian asked the audience who voted for 1P on financial returns, there was silence.

There was absolute silence. I said let’s do that again. And it was zero.

Brian Beck, Master B2B

The final score was 100-0 for 3P, the most decisive margin in debate history. The overall winner after a clap-off was the 3P team, 98-96.

What practitioners think

In a LinkedIn poll, 66% said 3P is the better approach for B2B companies on Amazon. Brian noted that the right answer is company dependent. Some clients do great on 1P. But the financial math generally favors 3P for products with reasonable average order value and shipping economics.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between 1P and 3P selling on Amazon?

1P, or vendor central, means selling wholesale directly to Amazon on a purchase order. Amazon takes ownership, prices, and sells the product. 3P, or seller central, is a marketplace model where you sell through Amazon without Amazon ever buying the product. You can use Fulfilled by Amazon to handle shipping, but there is no wholesale relationship.

Which selling method provides better channel and brand control?

The debate was evenly split. 1P advocates argued that if you sell to Amazon, they win the buy box and unauthorized sellers are less likely to undercut you. 3P advocates argued you control your own price and get more data back. The audience vote was a tie at 95-95.

Which selling method is easier operationally?

The 1P team won this round 89-88. With 1P, you ship pallets and trucks to Amazon like a traditional wholesale relationship. You do not handle returns. 3P requires managing consignment inventory, using FBA, and handling compliance differently. It is less familiar for companies used to wholesale processes.

Which selling method provides better financial returns?

The 3P team won this round 100-0, the most decisive margin in debate history. With 3P you receive the full retail price minus fees, which is typically higher than the wholesale price you receive with 1P. The math generally favors 3P unless you sell very low price or bulky products.

When does 1P make more sense than 3P?

1P may make sense for low average order value products or bulky items that are expensive to ship. If your product is below 10 dollars and heavy, the FBA fees on 3P can eat the margin. The UPS representative on the 1P team cited Georgia Pacific and toilet paper as an example where 3P economics do not work.

What did practitioners say about 1P versus 3P?

In a LinkedIn poll, 66% said 3P seller central is the better approach for B2B companies on Amazon, versus 34% for 1P vendor central. However, the debate showed that the right answer depends on your product, your operational capabilities, and how you measure success.

Sources & methodology

  1. Bank of America, Amazon Business 2025 estimate
  2. Enceiba Pulse Report, Amazon challenges for B2B sellers
  3. B2B Online Conference, Atlanta, November 2025
  4. eMarketer and Deloitte, on AI trust gaps
  5. Friday 15 Podcast, Master B2B
Andy Hoar Andy Hoar
Co-Founder, Master B2B

Andy is a Co-Founder of Master B2B, founder of Paradigm B2B and author of the book Bot2Bot: The New Future of B2B Commerce. Andy is one of the leading global authorities on B2B commerce strategy.

Brian Beck Brian Beck
Co-Founder, Master B2B

Brian is a co-founder of Master B2B, Managing Partner of Amazon agency Enceiba, and author of the book "Billion Dollar B2B Ecommerce." Brian has also been C-level digital commerce executive with two decades of experience.

New: B2B Exchange at Shoptalk Presented by Master B2B

X